Basic Aircraft Structure ( Dasar Strukture pada Pesawat )

The airframe of a fixed-wing aircraft consists of the
following five major units: ( ada 5 bagian utama pada pesawat )
1. Fuselage
2. Wings
3. Stabilizers
4. Flight controls surfaces
5. Landing gear

A rotary-wing aircraft consists of the following
four major units: ( 4 bagian utama pada helikopter )
1. Fuselage
2. Landing gear
3. Main rotor assembly
4. Tail rotor assembly

STRUCTURAL STRESS
Five Types Of Stress: ( 5 stress yang terjadi pada kontruksi pesawat pesawat )

Tension Stress 
Compression Stress 
Torsion Stress
Shear Stress 
Bending Stress

1. Tension is the stress that resists a force that tends to pull apart 

2. Compression is the stress that resists a crushing force. The compression strength of a material is also measured in Psi; compression is the stress that tends shortens aircraft

3. Torsion is the stress that produces twisting, while aircraft moving   forward the engine also tends to twist it to one side, but other aircraft components hold it on course; thus torsion is created. The torsion strength of a material is its resistance to twisting or torque.

4. Shear is the stress that resists the force tending to cause one layer of material to slide over an adjacent layer. Two riveted plates in tension subject the rivets to a sharing force. Aircraft parts, especially screws, bolts, and rivets are often subjected to a sharing force.

5. Bending stress is a combination of compression and tension (compressed) on the inside on the bend and stretched on the outside of the bend.